After retrocession of Taiwan, Medical School and Medical Specialized Department of Taihoku (Taipei) Imperial University stopped enrolling new students, and Japanese professors went back to Japan. The Taiwan (ROC) government reorganized the university and renamed it "National Taiwan University" on November 15, 1945. Taipei Imperial University Medical School Affiliated Hospital was renamed as the First Affiliated Hospital of National Taiwan University School of Medicine, which got its present name “National Taiwan University Hospital” in 1947. At the same time, Red Cross Hospital was renamed as the Second Affiliated Hospital of National Taiwan University School of Medicine (1945~1947). Associate Professor Tien-Tzu Lin moved from the Second Affiliated Hospital to the Department of Otolaryngology of the First Affiliated Hospital of the National Taiwan University School of Medicine in 1947, and was appointed as the chairman of the department until in 1955. The faculty members of the medical college were: Shih-Mien 
Tu, Wen-Chih Hung, Lao-Teh Wang, Wei-Hsin Lin, and Yu-Kun Hung. They all worked together to take the mission of rebuilding the Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital.

In July 1950, the principle of the National Taiwan University, Szu-Nien Fu, discovered there were many excellent but no paying teaching assistants in the Taiwan University Hospital. Therefore, he set up the residence system. There were 8 resident positions in the Department of Otolaryngology, including one chief resident (Ta-tsai Liao), 2 residents ( Liang-Erh He, I-Pin Su ) and 5 second-year assistant residents (Ti Hsieh, Tiao-Kai So, Pen-Jen Lin, Shih-Hsiung Huang and Chin-Te Lai ). It was the rule that if a medical graduate was enrolled as a new resident of the Department in late July every year, the original senior resident would be chosen to leave. The service rules were according to the Nan-King Central Hospital and only allowed residents to have a leave less than twelve hours twice every week. They were also required to authorize representatives during their leave and to sign in the register book every time they left the hospital.