In 1902, the Department of Otolaryngology was independent from the Department of Surgery of Taihoku (Taipei) Hospital which was renamed as “Taihoku (Taipei) Imperial University Medical School Affiliated Hospital” in 1938. Prof. 岸太一 was appointed the first chairman of the department (1902~1906). On the other hand, Red Cross Hospital was established in 1905. The successors, including Prof. Sinichiro Kamimura, Prof. Yamasida and others, worked at this hospital thereafter. Prof. Sinichiro Murakami was the chairman of the department of Red Cross Hospital from 1923 to 1938. He moved to the Department of Otolaryngology of Taihoku (Taipei) Imperial University Medical School Affiliated Hospital and was appointed the chairman of the department from 1938 to 1945.