1.補充葉酸或含葉酸的綜合維他命，葉酸劑量每日400～800微克

2.伴侶共同戒煙，包括電子煙

3.孕前應避免過量酒精攝取

4.降低咖啡因攝取，每日在200～300毫克以內

5.維持健康飲食習慣至懷孕

6.開始或維持運動習慣，每日30分鐘，每週至少五天，每週至少150分鐘

 

 

7.及早偵測、追蹤並控制慢性疾病，必要時應詢問醫師並做藥物調整

8.接種必要疫苗

9.遠離可能致畸胎藥物和環境因子

10.注意個人心理狀態，接受適當的諮詢與介入

11.鼓勵婚前健檢或孕前健檢，及早發現遺傳疾病風險或性傳染病

 

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資料來源：

1.美國CDC: https://www.cdc.gov/art/patientresources/preparing.html

2.英國NHS: https://www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/trying-for-a-baby/

3.Uptodate: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/the-preconception-office-visit#

4.ACOG/ASRM: ACOG Committee Opinion No. 762: PrepregnancyCounseling. (2019). Obstetrics and gynecology, 133(1), e78–e89. 

5.ESHRE: ESHRE Guideline Group on RPL, Bender Atik, R., Christiansen, O. B., Elson, J., Kolte, A. M., Lewis, S.,Middeldorp, S., Mcheik, S., Peramo, B., Quenby, S., Nielsen, H. S., van der Hoorn, M. L., Vermeulen, N., & Goddijn, M. (2023).

ESHRE guideline: recurrent pregnancy loss: an update in 2022. Human reproduction open, 2023(1), hoad002. 

6.FIGO: Jacob, C. M., Killeen, S. L., McAuliffe, F. M., Stephenson, J., Hod, M., Diaz Yamal, I., Malhotra, J., Mocanu, E., McIntyre, H. D., Kihara, A. B., Ma, R. C., Divakar, H., Kapur, A., Ferriani, R., Ng, E., Henry, L., Van Der Spuy, Z., Rosenwaks, Z., & Hanson, M. A. (2020).

Prevention of noncommunicable diseases by interventions in the preconception period: A FIGO position paper for action by healthcare practitioners. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 151 Suppl 1(Suppl 1), 6–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13331